Rehabilitation of oncological patients: a comparative analysis of clinical guidelines for managing oncological patients with renal parenchyma cancer, bladder cancer and female cancer in Russia, Europe, and USA

Backround. Current medicine pays significant attention to an integrated approach in managing cancer patients, from the stage of diagnosis to rehabilitation. Sections on rehabilitation have been added to respective guidelines to maintain the proper quality of life of patients and standardization of clinical protocols. Due to the different levels of medicine in Europe, Russia and USA, it is important to analyze guidelines for supporting oncological patients at the rehabilitation stage.

Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of guidelines for managing cancer patients.

Material and methods. The search and selection of publications were performed according to PRISMA recommendations. In scientific databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, eLibrary as well as via search engines and the Rubricator of Clinical Guidelines of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 725 sources were found. After the selection procedure, 30 publications and guidelines were included in the review.

Results. Rehabilitation programs are presented in many Russian, American and European guidelines for the support of cancer patients. In Russian guidelines for managing patients with renal parenchyma and bladder cancer, a significant emphasis is made on the pre-rehabilitation and using fast-track approach. A lot of attention is paid to therapeutic physical culture and instrumental methods. American and European guidelines are more detailed, in particular, protocols for the correction of certain adverse events are presented, psychological assistance and complex rehabilitation play an essential role. The absence of specialized rehabilitation program in Russian clinical guidelines for supporting oncogynecological patients, and universal character of protocols were noted. According to foreign guidelines, the rehabilitation of such patients is multidisciplinary and personalized, and is carried out in specialized centers.

Conclusion. The review showed a number of deficiencies in Russian clinical guidelines. In certain documents, due attention is not paid to the provision of rehabilitation. It’s necessary to expand multidisciplinary approach in cancer patients' rehabilitation as well as the evidence base to improve Russian guidelines.

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