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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rehab</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реабилитология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Medical Rehabilitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5873</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5881</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2949-5873/rehabil.2024.37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rehab-51</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные подходы к реабилитации после ампутаций конечностей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current approaches to rehabilitation after limb amputations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9212-3865</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александров</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александров Андрей Георгиевич, к.б.н.</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57211350219</p><p>Лялин пер., д. 11-13/1, Москва 101000</p><p>ул. Быкова, д. 84Б, Ленинградская обл., Всеволожский р-н, Колтушское с/п, с. Павлово 188680</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey G. Aleksandrov, PhD</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57211350219</p><p>11-13/1 Lyalin Passage, Moscow 101000</p><p>84B Bykov Str., Leningrad Region, Vsevolozhsk District, Koltushskoye Rural Settlement, Pavlovo 188680</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrey.alexandrov@ipsom.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Превентивной и Социальной Медицины; Центр доклинических исследований «Фармакоген»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Preventive and Social Medicine; “Pharmacogen” Center for Preclinical Research</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>359</fpage><lpage>368</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Александров А.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Александров А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aleksandrov A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/51">https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/51</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Качество жизни пациентов является одним из определяющих факторов в выборе подхода к лечению заболевания и стратегии реабилитации. Однако в ряде клинических случаев единственным эффективным методом купирования жизнеугрожающего состояния остается ампутация конечности, требующая проведения обязательной медицинской реабилитации пациента.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: обобщить современные подходы к оказанию реабилитационной поддержки пациентам после ампутации конечностей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Поиск и скрининг материалов для обзора осуществлены с учетом рекомендаций PRISMA. В качестве источников использованы международные научные базы данных PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Google Schoolar, а также отечественные онлайн-библиотеки eLibrary, КиберЛенинка. Отдельные публикации, представленные в обзоре, найдены с помощью поисковых сервисов. Среди 2602 обнаруженных работ 55 всецело отвечали критерям отбора.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследованиях показана значимость выбранной техники проведения ампутации конечности в вопросах возникновения осложнений и размера сбереженной ткани пациента. Решения, принятые на этапе хирургического лечения, закономерно отражаются на выборе подхода и инструментов реабилитации. Далее проводится оценка состояния больного согласно Международной классификации функционирования, ограничений жизнедеятельности и здоровья, определяются ключевые потребности пациента в нутритивной, медикаментозной поддержке и изделиях медицинского назначения. Существенное внимание в планировании реабилитации после ампутации конечности уделяется мероприятиям, снижающим частоту развития осложнений. Цель заключается в полном восстановлении мобильности, самостоятельности и социальной активности пациента, несмотря на наличие дефекта. Реабилитация больных данного профиля имеет ряд особенностей в зависимости от пересеченной конечности, однако общий акцент мультидисциплинарные реабилитационные команды (МДРК) делают на лечебной физической культуре, массаже, протезировании, физиотерапии, медикаментозной поддержке и психологической помощи.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Анализ современных подходов к проведению реабилитации у пациентов, перенесших ампутацию конечности, показал важность восстановительного этапа и необходимость работы МДРК для определения оптимальной стратегии. Бионические протезы позволяют практически полностью компенсировать утрату мобильности и самостоятельности, вне зависимости от места пересечения конечности, что позволяет достичь заявленной цели медицинской реабилитации. Однако такая эффективность достигается после обучения на специализированных протезно-ортопедических предприятиях или в лечебных учреждениях, сотрудничающих с этими организациями.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The quality of life of patients refers to important determinants in choosing an approach to disease treatment and rehabilitation strategy. However, certain clinical cases require limb amputation as the only effective method for alleviating life-threatening conditions, which necessitates medical rehabilitation for the patient.</p></sec><sec><title>Objactive</title><p>Objactive: To summarize current approaches to rehabilitation for patients after limb amputation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The search and screening were carried out in accordance with PRISMA recommendations. The study involved the following scientific databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka. Individual publications featured in the review were identified through search services. Among 2602 identified articles, 55 fully met the selection criteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The studies highlight the significance of the chosen amputation technique in relation to the occurrence of complications and amount of tissue preserved. The decisions made at the stage of surgical treatment inevitably influence the selection of rehabilitation approaches and tools. Subsequently, the patient’s condition is assessed according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, identifying the key needs for nutritional support, medication management, and medical devices. A considerable focus in planning rehabilitation after limb amputation is placed on interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of complications and enabling full restoration of mobility, independence and social activity despite the defect. Rehabilitation of patients of this profile obtains a number of peculiarities depending on the amputated limb; however, multidisciplinary rehabilitation teams (MDRT) generally emphasize physical therapy, massage, prosthetics, physio therapy, medication and psychological support.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The analysis of current approaches to rehabilitation in patients who had undergone limb amputation demonstrated the importance of the rehabilitation and the necessity for a MDRT to determine the optimal strategy. Modern bionic prostheses are capable of nearly fully compensating for the loss of mobility and independence, regardless of the place of limb amputation, thereby achieving the stated objectives of medical rehabilitation. However, this efficiency is achieved after training in specialized prosthetic and orthopedic enterprises or medical institutions collaborating with these organizations.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>ампутация верхней конечности</kwd><kwd>ампутация нижней конечности</kwd><kwd>протезирование</kwd><kwd>восстановительная медицина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>upper limb amputation</kwd><kwd>lower limb amputation</kwd><kwd>prosthetics</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation medicine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. 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