rehabРеабилитологияJournal of Medical Rehabilitation2949-58732949-5881IRBIS LLC10.17749/2949-5873/rehabil.2024.22rehab-23Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEW ARTICLESОрганизация реабилитации при злокачественных новообразованиях репродуктивной системыOrganization of rehabilitation for reproductive system malignant neoplasmshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9212-3865АлександровА. Г.AleksandrovA. G.

Александров Андрей Георгиевич - к.б.н. Scopus Author ID: 57211350219.

Ул. Садовая-Триумфальная, д. 4/10, Москва 127006; ул. Быкова, д. 84Б, Ленинградская обл., Всеволожский р-н, Колтушское с/п, с. Павлово 188680

Andrey G. Aleksandrov – PhD. Scopus Author ID: 57211350219.

4/10 Sadovaya-Triumfalnaya Str., Moscow 127006; 84B Bykov Str., Leningrad Region, Vsevolozhsk District, Koltushskoye Rural Settlement, Pavlovo 188680

andrey.alexandrov@ipsom.ruИнститут Превентивной и Социальной Медицины; Центр доклинических исследований «Фармакоген»РоссияInstitute for Preventive and Social Medicine; “Pharmacogen” Center for Preclinical ResearchRussian Federation20241009202422247263Copyright © Александров А.Г., 20242024Александров А.Г.Aleksandrov A.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/23Актуальность

Актуальность. Достижения медицины позволили существенно увеличить продолжительность жизни пациенток с онкогинекологическими заболеваниями. На текущий момент одной из ключевых задач системы здравоохранения является восстановление и поддержание качества жизни онкологических больных, что актуализирует вопросы оптимизации системы реабилитации.

Цель

Цель: представить особенности организации реабилитационных мероприятий у пациенток с онкологическими заболеваниями гинекологического профиля.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. В обзор включено 75 публикаций на русском и английском языках, найденных в научных базах данных PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect и онлайн-библиотеках eLibrary, КиберЛенинка, Cochrane Library, а также на сайтах научных сообществ и организаций. Отбор публикаций проведен с учетом рекомендаций PRISMA.

Результаты

Результаты. Порядок оказания реабилитационной помощи пациенткам онкогинекологического профиля в отдельных аспектах схож с таковым при других онкологических заболеваниях. Показана эффективность нутритивной поддержки, лечебной физической культуры, физиотерапии и психологической помощи в восстановлении качества жизни и предотвращении развития осложнений. При проявлении дистресса, глубоких негативных психоэмоциональных нарушений, влияющих на физиологические процессы организма, хороший эффект оказывают йога, арт-терапия, когнитивно поведенческая терапия, гипнотерапия, трудотерапия и танцевально-двигательная терапия. Однако реабилитация у пациенток с онкологическими заболеваниями репродуктивных органов имеет ряд особенностей: необходимо проводить мониторинг состояния сексуальной функции и развития болевого синдрома, а также оказывать персонифицированную реабилитационную помощь. Данная специфика связана с изменениями гормонального фона, осложнениями после хирургического вмешательства и закрытостью пациенток при обсуждении вопросов сексуального здоровья.

Заключение

Заключение. Реабилитация женщин после лечения онкогинекологических заболеваний восстанавливает утраченное благополучие, однако текущих мер поддержки недостаточно. Оказание комплексной персонифицированной реабилитации таким пациенткам в России не носит обязательного характера, что сказывается на длительности и эффективности восстановления здоровья женщин. Дальнейшее развитие реабилитационной помощи, в т.ч. через повсеместное внедрение комплексной реабилитации, позволит повысить ее качество и снизить финансовую нагрузку на систему здравоохранения.

Background

Background. The advances in medicine have significantly improved the life expectancy for patients with gynecologic oncology. Currently, one of the key tasks of the healthcare system is to restore and maintain the quality of life of cancer patients, which actualizes the issues of optimizing the rehabilitation system.

Objective

Objective: to present the features of organizing rehabilitation activities for female patients with gynecological oncological diseases.

Material and methods

Material and methods. The review included 75 Russian and English publications found in the scientific databases PubMed/ MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and online libraries eLibrary, CyberLeninka, Cochrane Library as well as on websites of scientific communities and organizations. The selection of publications was carried out according to PRISMA recommendations.

Results

Results. The procedure for providing rehabilitation care to patients of oncogynecological profile is similar in some aspects to that of other oncological diseases. The effectiveness of nutritional support, therapeutic physical culture, physiotherapy and psychological assistance in restoring quality of life and preventing the development of complications was demonstrated. In case of distress, deep negative psycho-emotional manifestations affecting the physiological processes of the body, yoga, art therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, hypnotherapy, occupational therapy and dance-movement therapy exert a good effect. However, rehabilitation in patients with oncological diseases of reproductive organs has a number of features: it is necessary to monitor the state of their sexual function and the development of pain syndrome. Besides, there is a request for personalized rehabilitation assistance. This specificity is related to changed hormonal status, complications after surgery and the patients’ closeness in discussing sexual health issues.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Rehabilitation of women after treatment for oncogynecological diseases restores lost well-being, however, current measures of support are not enough. The provision of comprehensive personalized rehabilitation to such patients in Russia is not mandatory, which affects the duration and effectiveness of their health restoration. Further development of rehabilitation care, including through widespread implementation of comprehensive rehabilitation, will improve its quality and reduce the financial burden on the healthcare system.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.