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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rehab</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реабилитология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Medical Rehabilitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5873</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5881</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS Publishing House (IRBIS LLC)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2949-5873/rehabil.2026.72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rehab-193</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность тренинга с двойной задачей для профилактики падений у пожилых: систематический обзор и метаанализ с анализом дозозависимой реакции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effectiveness of dual-task training for fall prevention in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis with a dose-response analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7071-2415</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремеева</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremeeva</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еремеева Ксения Владимировна, к.м.н., доцент</p><p>Сеченовский Университет) (ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia V. Eremeeva, PhD, Assoc. Prof.</p><p>8 bldg 2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eremeeva_ks@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецов Николай Васильевич</p><p>пр-д Березовой рощи, д. 12, Москва 125252</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. Kuznetsov</p><p>12 Berezovoy Roshchi Dr., Moscow 125252</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Медицинский центр МИС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“Medical Center MIS” LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>220</fpage><lpage>232</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Еремеева К.В., Кузнецов Н.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Еремеева К.В., Кузнецов Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eremeeva K.V., Kuznetsov N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/193">https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/193</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Проблема падений у лиц старше 65 лет ежегодно затрагивает примерно каждого третьего, являясь ведущей причиной травматизма и функционального снижения. Тренинг с двойной задачей (англ. dual-task training, DTT) признан перспективным немедикаментозным методом профилактики. Систематические обзоры до 2022 г. подтверждали его пользу, однако не исследовали зависимость клинического эффекта от параметров дозирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить доказательную базу эффективности DTT в профилактике падений и улучшении постурального баланса у лиц 60 лет и старше на основе систематического обзора публикаций 2022–2026 гг. с количественным синтезом данных рандомизированных клинических испытаний (РКИ) и провести исследовательскую метарегрессию с параметрами тренировочного протокола в качестве модераторов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Выполнен систематический поиск публикаций, размещенных в базах данных PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PEDro, Web of Science, Google Scholar, eLibrary и КиберЛенинка с 1 января 2022 г. по 28 февраля 2026 г. Критерии включения: РКИ – для количественного синтеза, систематические обзоры и метаанализы – для нарративного синтеза по виртуальной реальности в DTT; возраст участников ≥60 лет; оценка первичных исходов по шкале равновесия Берга (англ. Berg Balance Scale, BBS) и тесту «Встань и иди» (англ. Timed Up and Go, TUG), наличие данных по частоте падений. Применена методология PRISMA 2020. Использованы инструмент оценки риска смещения (англ. Cochrane Risk of Bias 2), модель случайных эффектов DerSimonian–Laird, метод исследовательской метарегрессии (5 РКИ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В анализ включено 38 публикаций: 22 РКИ, 16 систематических обзоров и метаанализов. Для количе- ственного пулинга отобраны 5 РКИ с полными числовыми данными (PEDro ≥6/10). Пулированная стандартизированная разность средних по BBS: 0,61 (95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 0,46…0,76), I2=0%. Разность средних по TUG составила –2,2 с (95% ДИ –2,8…–1,6), I2=14%. По частоте падений метаанализ невозможен (1 РКИ: отношение рисков 0,56; 95% ДИ 0,38…0,82). Метарегрессия не выявила статистически значимого влияния параметров дозы (k=5, мощность &lt;40%).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. DTT улучшает постуральный баланс с умеренным эффектом. Для подтверждения дозозависимости необходимы РКИ с полным описанием параметров нагрузки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Falls affect approximately one in three individuals aged over 65 annually, thus ranking as a leading cause of injury and functional decline. Dual-task training (DTT) is recognized as a promising non-pharmacological method for preventing falls. Although systematic reviews up to 2022 confirmed its benefits, they did not examine the relationship between clinical effect and dosing parameters.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To evaluate DTT in preventing falls and improving postural balance among the elderly (≥60 years) using a systematic review of publications from 2022–2026 with quantitative synthesis of randomized controlled trial (RCT) data, and to conduct an exploratory meta-regression with training protocol parameters as moderators.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A systematic review was conducted on publications from the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PEDro, Web of Science, Google Scholar, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka databases from January 1, 2022, to February 28, 2026. The inclusion criteria were as follows: RCTs for quantitative synthesis; systematic reviews and meta-analyses for narrative synthesis on virtual reality in DTT; participants aged ≥60 years; assessment of primary outcomes using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests; and availability of data on fall incidence. The PRISMA 2020 methodology was applied. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool, the DerSimonian–Laird random effects model, and the exploratory meta-regression method were used (k=5).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A total of 38 publications included 22 RCTs, 16 systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Five RCTs with complete numerical data (PEDro ≥6/10) were selected for quantitative pooling. The pooled standardized mean difference for BBS was 0.61 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46…0.76), I2=0%. The mean difference for TUG was –2.2 s (95% CI –2.8...–1.6), I2=14%. Meta- analysis for the fall rate was not feasible (1 RCT: risk ratio 0.56; 95% CI 0.38…0.82). Meta-regression did not reveal statistically significant effects of dose parameters (k=5, power &lt;40%).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. DTT improves postural balance, though the effect is moderate. RCTs with complete dose reporting should be conducted to confirm dose-response relationships.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тренинг с двойной задачей</kwd><kwd>профилактика падений</kwd><kwd>пожилые</kwd><kwd>метаанализ</kwd><kwd>шкала равновесия Берга</kwd><kwd>тест «Встань и иди»</kwd><kwd>дозозависимая реакция</kwd><kwd>виртуальная реальность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dual-task training</kwd><kwd>fall prevention</kwd><kwd>elderly</kwd><kwd>meta-analysis</kwd><kwd>Berg Balance Scale</kwd><kwd>Timed Up and Go</kwd><kwd>dose-response relationship</kwd><kwd>virtual reality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лях В.И., Михута И.Ю. Постуральный контроль и риск падений у пожилых людей старше 65 лет (обзор зарубежных публикаций). 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