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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rehab</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реабилитология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Medical Rehabilitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5873</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5881</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2949-5873/rehabil.2026.55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rehab-148</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реабилитация пациентов с раком молочной железы в Российской Федерации в сравнении с Германией, Казахстаном, Польшей, Финляндией и Чехией: оценка нефатального бремени 1990–2021 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Breast cancer rehabilitation in the Russian Federation vs. Germany, Kazakhstan, Poland, Finland, and Czechia: assessment of nonfatal burden (1990–2021)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6396-4948</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ашрафян</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ashrafyan</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ашрафян Лев Андреевич, д.м.н., проф., чл.-корр. РАН</p><p>ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4,  Москва 117997</p><p>пос. Истра, д. 27, стр. 1–30, Московская обл., г/о Красногорск 143515</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lev A. Ashrafyan, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof., Member of RAS</p><p>4 Academician Oparin Str., Moscow 117997</p><p>27 bldg 1–30 Istra Settlement, Moscow Region, Krasnogorsk Urban District 143515</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5317-5682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тищенко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tishchenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тищенко Марина Александровна</p><p>ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4,  Москва 117997</p><p>пос. Истра, д. 27, стр. 1–30, Московская обл., г/о Красногорск 143515</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Tishchenko</p><p>4 Academician Oparin Str., Moscow 117997</p><p>27 bldg 1–30 Istra Settlement, Moscow Region, Krasnogorsk Urban District 143515</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tishmarina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии  им. академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Московская городская онкологическая больница № 62 &#13;
Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov; Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии  им. академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Московская городская онкологическая больница № 62</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov; Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>5–14</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ашрафян Л.А., Тищенко М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ашрафян Л.А., Тищенко М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ashrafyan L.A., Tishchenko M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/148">https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/148</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Рак молочной железы (РМЖ) занимает первое место в структуре онкологической заболеваемости женщин глобально и в Российской Федерации. Благодаря успехам современной терапии смертность от РМЖ снижается, однако растет число выживших, нуждающихся в длительной реабилитации по поводу лимфедемы, болевого синдрома, когнитивных и психоэмоциональных нарушений. Количественная оценка реабилитационного запроса при РМЖ в России в сравнении с другими странами остается недостаточной.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить динамику нефатального бремени РМЖ у женщин в России и сравнить ее с показателями Германии, Казахстана, Польши, Финляндии и Чехии за период 1990–2021 гг. с прогнозом до 2030 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведен вторичный анализ открытых данных программы «Глобальное бремя болезней» (англ. Global Burden of Disease, GBD) 2021 г., а также Глобальной статистики рака (англ. Global Сancer Statistics, GLOBOCAN) 2022 г. Изучены показатели лет, прожитых с инвалидностью (англ. years lived with disability, YLD) на 100 тыс. населения (возрастные группы 15–49 лет, 50–69 лет, &gt;70 лет и все возрасты), возрастно-стандартизованной заболеваемости (англ. аge-standardized incidence rate, ASIR), возрастно-стандартизованной смертности (англ. age-standardized mortality rate, ASMR). Выполнен расчет ежегодного изменения в процентах (англ. еstimated annual percentage change, EAPC) за 1990–2021 гг. Методом экстраполяции на основе EAPC составлен прогноз до 2030 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. За период 1990–2021 гг. YLD при РМЖ вырос во всех анализируемых странах. Наибольший относительный прирост зафиксирован в Польше (+96,2%) и России (+84,4%), наименьший – в Казахстане (+9,1%). Абсолютные значения YLD в России (60,86 на 100 тыс. населения) существенно ниже, чем в Германии (142,24) и Финляндии (129,36), что в совокупности с более низкой 5-летней выживаемостью (65% против 85–87%) отражает «дефицит реабилитационного накопления». В возрастной группе 50–69 лет Россия демонстрирует рост YLD при его стабилизации в странах Западной Европы. К 2030 г. прогнозируется увеличение YLD в России до 72,7 на 100 тыс. населения при EAPC +2,0% в год.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Россия находится в фазе ускоренного роста реабилитационного запроса при РМЖ. Имеющаяся инфраструктура реабилитации не соответствует темпам накопления нефатального бремени болезни. Требуется масштабирование по германской модели с адаптацией к российским условиям.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of oncological morbidity among women in both the Russian Federation and globally. While the BC mortality rate is declining due to significant advances in modern therapy, an increasing number of survivors require long-term rehabilitation for lymphedema, pain, and cognitive and psychological impairment. Compared with other countries, a quantitative assessment of the need for BC rehabilitation in Russia in comparison remains insufficient.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To assess the dynamics of non-fatal burden of BC in women in Russia and compare the results with indicators from Germany, Kazakhstan, Poland, Finland, and Czechia (1990–2021), while also providing a forecast up to 2030.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Secondary analysis of open data from Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) and Global Сancer Statistics (GLOBOCAN) 2022 was conducted. The study examined rates of years lived with disability (YLD) per 100,000 people, categorized by age group (15–49, 50–69, ≥70, and all ages), as well as the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR). The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated for the period from 1990 to 2021. A forecast was compiled for 2030 using the EAPC extrapolation method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Over the period from 1990 to 2021, the YLD for BC increased in all analyzed countries. Poland and Russia experienced the largest relative increases (+96.2% and +84.4%, respectively), whereas Kazakhstan demonstrated the smallest increase (+9.1%). The absolute YLD value in Russia (60.86 per 100,000) is substantially lower than in Germany (142.24) and Finland (129.36). Combined with a lower five-year survival rate (65% vs. 85–87%), this reflects a “rehabilitation accumulation deficit”. In the 50–69 age group, Russia shows continued YLD growth while Western European countries demonstrate stabilization. By 2030, the YLD rate in Russia is expected to reach 72.7 per 100,000, with an annual EAPC of +2.0%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In Russia, rehabilitation needs for BC survivors are rapidly increasing. Meanwhile, the existing rehabilitation infrastructure fails to adequately address the growing number of non-fatal cases. Therefore, a scaled-up version of the German model adapted to Russian conditions is required.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>годы прожитые с инвалидностью</kwd><kwd>Глобальное бремя болезней</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>лимфедема</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>years lived with disability</kwd><kwd>Global Burden of Disease</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>lymphedema</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bray F., Laversanne M., Sung H., et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024; 74 (3): 229–63. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21834.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bray F., Laversanne M., Sung H., et al. 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