rehabРеабилитологияJournal of Medical Rehabilitation2949-58732949-5881IRBIS LLC10.17749/2949-5873/rehabil.2025.52rehab-126Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEW ARTICLESМесто комплексов с биологической обратной связью в реабилитации пациентов с детским церебральным параличом: систематический обзорRole of biofeedback systems in rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy: a systematic reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9306-2715КадыроваЛ. Р.KadyrovaL. R.

Кадырова Лидия Ринадовна, к.м.н., доцент 

ул. Муштари, д. 11, Казань 420012 

Lidia R. Kadyrova, PhD, Assoc. Prof. 

11 Mushtari, Kazan 420012 

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9358-8897КараисаевА. Н.KaraisaevA. N.

Караисаев Анар Нариман оглы 

ул. Щорса, д. 11/2, Тюмень 625048 

Anar N. Karaisaev  

11/2 Shchors Str., Tyumen 625048 

anarchik_2001@mail.ruКазанская государственная медицинская академия – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияKazan State Medical Academy – branch of Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationRussian FederationГосударственное автономное учреждение здравоохранения Тюменской области «Областной лечебно-реабилитационный центр»РоссияRegional Treatment and Rehabilitation CenterRussian Federation20251604202634252262Copyright © Кадырова Л.Р., Караисаев А.Н., 20262026Кадырова Л.Р., Караисаев А.Н.Kadyrova L.R., Karaisaev A.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/126Актуальность

Актуальность. Детский церебральный паралич (ДЦП) является ведущей причиной стойкой инвалидности в детском возрасте с распространенностью 2–3 случая на 1 тыс. живорожденных. Традиционные методы реабилитации часто не обеспечивают объективной обратной связи в режиме реального времени. Технологии биологической обратной связи (БОС) представляют собой перспективное направление, позволяющее активизировать нейропластичность через сознательный контроль физиологических параметров.

Цель

Цель: критический анализ и синтез имеющихся данных о месте и эффективности БОС-систем в структуре комплексной реабилитации пациентов с ДЦП.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Систематический поиск публикаций за период с 1965 г. по ноябрь 2025 г. проведен в базах данных PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PEDro, Embase, КиберЛенинка и eLibrary. Критерии включения: исследования с применением БОС-технологий у пациентов с ДЦП, измеримые исходы моторных функций. Качество исследований оценивали по шкалам PEDro, Даунса и Блэка, SCED и Cochrane RoB 2.

Результаты

Результаты. В анализ вошли 27 работ: 11 систематических обзоров и метаанализов, 7 рандомизированных контролируемых исследований и 9 первичных исследований других дизайнов, охватывающих в совокупности более 1 тыс. участников. Показано, что миографическая БОС статистически значимо улучшает скорость ходьбы (p<0,05) и функцию верхних конечностей (уровень доказательности 1b–2a). Стабилометрические системы эффективны в коррекции постурального контроля (уровень 2a). Нейрофидбэк демонстрирует потенциал для модуляции нейропластичности у пациентов с тяжелыми формами ДЦП при ограниченной доказательной базе (уровень 2b–3).

Заключение

Заключение. БОС-комплексы являются эффективным дополнением к традиционной физической терапии при ДЦП, обеспечивая объективизацию прогресса и высокую мотивацию пациентов. Приоритетами остаются стандартизация протоколов вмешательств и расширение доступа к портативным БОС-системам для домашнего применения.

Background

Background. Cerebral palsy (CP) is the leading cause of childhood disability with a prevalence of 2–3 cases per 1,000 live births. Traditional rehabilitation methods often fail to provide objective real-time feedback. Biofeedback (BF) technologies represent a promising approach that allows neuroplasticity to be activated through conscious control of physiological parameters.

Objactive

Objactive: Critical review and synthesis of available evidence on the role and effectiveness of BF systems in comprehensive rehabilitation of CP patients.

Material and methods

Material and methods. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PEDro, Embase, CyberLeninka, and eLibrary databases. The search depth was from 1965 to November 2025. The inclusion criteria were: studies that employed BF technologies in CP patients and reported measurable motor outcomes. The quality of the conducted research was assessed using the PEDro, Downs and Black, SCED scales, as well as the Cochrane RoB 2 tool.

Results

Results. In total, 27 publications were selected for analysis, including 11 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 7 randomized controlled trials, and 9 primary studies of other designs, covering a total of more than 1,000 participants. EMG biofeedback statistically significantly improves gait velocity (p<0.05) and upper extremity function (evidence level 1b–2a). Stabilometric systems are effective in correcting postural control (level 2a). Neurofeedback demonstrates potential for neuroplasticity modulation in patients with severe CP, albeit with a limited evidence base (level 2b–3).

Conclusion

Conclusion. BF systems are an effective adjunct to conventional physical therapy in CP, providing objective progress monitoring and high patient motivation. Standardization of intervention protocols and expanding access to portable BF systems for home-based use remain priority areas.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.