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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rehab</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реабилитология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Medical Rehabilitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5873</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5881</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2949-5873/rehabil.2025.73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rehab-124</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Необходимость и целесообразность пререабилитации у онкологических пациентов перед плановым хирургическим вмешательством: обоснование подхода</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Necessity and advisability of pre-rehabilitation in cancer patients before planned surgery: a rationale for the approach</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2166-2574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акавова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akavova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акавова Саида Абдулкадыровна </p><p>Загородное ш., д. 18А, стр. 7, Москва 117152 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saida A. Akavova </p><p>18А bldg 7 Zagorodnoe Shosse, Moscow 117152 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saida_akavova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения г. Москвы «Городская клиническая онкологическая больница № 1 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">City Clinical Oncology Hospital No. 1<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>231</fpage><lpage>241</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акавова С.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акавова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akavova S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/124">https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/124</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Пререабилитация улучшает исходы хирургического лечения у онкологических пациентов, однако ее необходимость при раке шейки матки (РШМ) разных стадий остается недостаточно обоснованной. Требуется комплексная оценка дооперационного статуса пациенток.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: выполнить оценку различных компонентов качества жизни (КЖ) и объективных показателей здоровья у пациенток с диагнозом РШМ до хирургического вмешательства для обоснования потребности в пререабилитации.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В одномоментное интервенционное исследование включены 199 пациенток с верифицированным РШМ in situ, I и II стадий (0-я, 1-я и 2-я группы соответственно). КЖ оценивали с помощью опросника FACT-G/Cx (англ. Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – General/Cervix), уровень дистресса – по адаптированной методике самооценки дистресса Международного общества психоонкологии (англ. International Psycho-Oncology Society, IPOS). Определяли индекс массы тела (ИМТ), pH среды влагалища, вирусную нагрузку вируса папилломы человека типов 16/18, уровни глюкозы, инсулина, показатели индекса резистентности к инсулину (англ. Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, HOMA-IR), концентрации лептина, фактора некроза опхоли альфа (ФНО-α), интерлейкина-6 (ИЛ-6) и магния в крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлено значимое снижение КЖ по всем доменам FACT-G/Cx, наиболее выраженное у пациенток с РШМ II стадии (общий балл 100 [95,5; 104,0]). Уровень дистресса по IPOS составил ≥6 баллов во всех группах. ИМТ варьировался от предожирения (0-я группа) до ожирения I степени (1-я и 2-я группы). У всех пациенток отмечалась инсулинорезистентность: HOMA-IR составил 2,98±0,40 (0-я группа), 4,09±0,81 (1-я группа) и 5,34±0,80 (2-я группа). Концентрации ФНО-α и ИЛ-6 превышали норму во всех группах, достигая максимума у пациенток с РШМ II стадии. Дефицит магния в сыворотке крови (&lt;0,80 ммоль/л) зафиксирован во всех случаях.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациенток с РШМ уже на дооперационном этапе, независимо от стадии, имеют место выраженное снижение КЖ, высокий психоэмоциональный дистресс, избыточная масса тела, инсулинорезистентность, системное воспаление и дефицит магния. Тяжесть нарушений нарастает при более продвинутой стадии РШМ. Полученные данные обосновывают необходимость раннего начала мультимодальной пререабилитации в период от постановки диагноза до хирургического вмешательства.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Pre-rehabilitation improves surgical outcomes in cancer patients; however, its necessity for different stages of cervical cancer (CC) remains insufficiently justified. Thus, a comprehensive assessment of the preoperative status of patients is required.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To evaluate various quality of life (QoL) components and objective health indicators in CC patients prior to surgical intervention, thereby substantiating the necessity for pre-rehabilitation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The single-point interventional study included 199 patients with verified cervical cancer in situ or stages I or II (Groups 0, 1, and 2, respectively). QoL was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – General/Cervix (FACT-G/Cx) questionnaire; distress level was evaluated using the adapted International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) methodology. Body Mass Index (BMI), vaginal pH, human papillomavirus 16/18 viral load, blood levels of glucose, insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index, as well as leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and magnesium concentrations were determined.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A significant decrease in QoL across all FACT-G/Cx domains was revealed, most pronounced in patients with stage II CC (total score 100 [95.5;104.0]). The IPOS distress level was ≥6 points in all groups. BMI ranged from pre-obesity (Group 0) to class I obesity (Groups 1 and 2). Insulin resistance was registered in all patients: HOMA-IR was 2.98±0.40 (Group 0), 4.09±0.81 (Group 1), and 5.34±0.80 (Group 2). Elevated TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations were observed in all groups, peaking in patients with stage II CC. Serum magnesium deficiency (&lt;0.80 mmol/l) was present in all cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Prior to surgery and regardless of stage, CC patients experience a significant decrease in QoL, elevated levels of psychoemotional distress, overweight, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and magnesium deficiency. The severity of these impairments increases with more advanced stages of CC. These findings substantiate the need for the early initiation of multimodal pre-rehabilitation in the period from diagnosis until surgical intervention.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак шейки матки</kwd><kwd>предоперационная реабилитация</kwd><kwd>пререабилитация</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>психологический дистресс</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>дефицит магния</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cervical cancer</kwd><kwd>presurgery rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>pre-rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd><kwd>psychological distress</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>magnesium deficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soh N.H., Yau C.R.Z., Low X.Z., et al. 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