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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rehab</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реабилитология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Medical Rehabilitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5873</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5881</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2949-5873/rehabil.2025.59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rehab-123</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бремя инсульта и потребность в реабилитации в странах Восточной Европы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stroke burden and rehabilitation need in Eastern Europe</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-3773</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акарачкова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akarachkova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акарачкова Елена Сергеевна, д.м.н. </p><p>ул. Мусы Джалиля, д. 40, Москва 115573 </p><p>ул. Лесная, д. 8, Московская обл., Истринский р-н, с. Павловская Слобода 143581 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Akarachkova, Dr. Sci. Med. </p><p>40 Musa Dzhalil Str., Moscow 115573 </p><p>8 Lesnaya Str., Moscow Region, Istra District, Pavlovskaya Sloboda 143581 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-0381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котова Ольга Владимировна, к.м.н., доцент  </p><p>ул. Мусы Джалиля, д. 40, Москва 115573 </p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, Москва 117198 </p><p>ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, Москва 129110 </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Kotova, PhD, Assoc. Prof. </p><p>40 Musa Dzhalil Str., Moscow 115573 </p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklay Str., Moscow 117198 </p><p>61/2 Shchepkin Str., Moscow 129110 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2478-9619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедева Джинна Ивановна, д.м.н., проф. </p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57200695139 </p><p>ул. Одесская, д. 54, Тюмень 625023 </p><p>ул. Щорса, д. 11/2, Тюмень 625048 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dzhinna I. Lebedeva, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof. </p><p>54 Odesskaya Str., Tyumen 625023 </p><p>11/2 Shchors Str., Tyumen 625048 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">j.lebedeva1965@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Международное общество «Стресс под контролем» ; Реабилитационный центр Rehaline</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>International Society “Stress under Control” ; Rehaline Rehabilitation Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Международное общество «Стресс под контролем» ; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы» ; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Московской области «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. Владимирского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>International Society “Stress under Control” ; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba ; Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Тюменский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации  ; Государственное автономное учреждение здравоохранения Тюменской области «Областной лечебно-реабилитационный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University ; Regional Treatment and Rehabilitation Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>223</fpage><lpage>230</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акарачкова Е.С., Котова О.В., Лебедева Д.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акарачкова Е.С., Котова О.В., Лебедева Д.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akarachkova E.S., Kotova O.V., Lebedeva D.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/123">https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/123</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Несмотря на снижение смертности, показатели лет, прожитых с инвалидностью (англ. years lived with disability, YLD), при инсульте в ряде стран Восточной Европы не снижаются, формируя «реабилитационный парадокс».</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить динамику бремени инсульта в Литве, России, Молдове, Эстонии и Чехии за 2010–2021 гг., провести моделирование потребности в нейрореабилитации и степени кадрового дефицита.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведен вторичный анализ данных программы «Глобальное бремя болезней» (англ. Global Burden of Disease, GBD) за 2021 г. Рассмотрены абсолютные показатели YLD и YLD на 100 тыс. населения, рассчитано ежегодное изменение в процентах (англ. еstimated annual percentage change, EAPC) в 2010–2021 гг. По данным GBD выполнено моделирование потребности в нейрореабилитации и определен кадровый дефицит для пяти указанных стран.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наиболее высокий показатель YLD на 100 тыс. населения в 2021 г. отмечен в Литве (333,3) и России (305,8). Снижение YLD достигнуто в Эстонии (EAPC –0,9%; –9,7% с 2010 по 2021 гг.) и Чехии (EAPC –1,6%; –14,6% с 2010 по 2021 гг.). В России абсолютная нагрузка YLD выросла на 2,2% (454,3 тыс. человек). Кадровый дефицит реабилитационных специалистов составил в России 14 855 человек, в Молдове – 366, в Литве – 282. Анализ чувствительности (2010–2019 гг.) подтвердил тренды, COVID-эффект выражен умеренно.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Реабилитационный дефицит сохраняется во всех пяти странах. Необходимо масштабирование нейрореабилитации согласно стандартам Европейской организации по борьбе с инсультом и Всемирной организации здравоохранения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Despite declining stroke mortality in Eastern European countries, the burden of stroke measured as years lived with disability (YLD) has not shown a decreasing trend, giving rise to the so-called “rehabilitation paradox”.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To assess trends in the burden of stroke in Lithuania, Russia, Moldova, Estonia, and Czechia from 2010 to 2021, and to model neurorehabilitation needs and workforce shortages.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A secondary analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 was conducted. Both absolute YLD counts and YLD rates per 100,000 population were examined. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) for 2010–2021 was calculated. Based on GBD data, the demand for neurorehabilitation services was modeled and workforce shortages were estimated for the countries under analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In 2021, the highest YLD rates per 100,000 population were observed in Lithuania (333.3) and Russia (305.8). A decline in YLD was identified in Estonia (EAPC –0.9%; –9.7% from 2010 to 2021) and Czechia (EAPC –1.6%; –14.6% from 2010 to 2021). In Russia, the absolute YLD burden increased by 2.2% (up to 454.3 thousand individuals). The shortage of rehabilitation professionals was estimated at 14,855 in Russia, 366 in Moldova, and 282 in Lithuania. Sensitivity analysis for 2010–2019 confirmed the observed trends; the impact of COVID-19 was found to be moderate.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A rehabilitation gap persists across all five countries. Scaling up neurorehabilitation services in accordance with the standards of the European Stroke Organisation and the World Health Organization is required.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>Восточная Европа</kwd><kwd>годы прожитые с инвалидностью</kwd><kwd>потребность в реабилитации</kwd><kwd>кадровый дефицит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>Eastern Europe</kwd><kwd>years lived with disability</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation need</kwd><kwd>workforce shortage</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GBD 2021 Stroke Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. 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