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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rehab</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реабилитология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Medical Rehabilitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5873</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5881</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2949-5873/rehabil.2025.51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rehab-120</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Объективные методы контроля эффективности реабилитации пациентов с ишемическим инсультом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Objective methods for monitoring the effectiveness of rehabilitation in ischemic stroke patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8958-6495</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семёнов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семёнов Владимир Александрович, д.м.н., проф. </p><p>ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а, Кемерово 650056 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Semenov, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof. </p><p>22а Voroshilov Str., Kemerovo 650056 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-191X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Громов Андрей Николаевич  </p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2, Москва 119333 </p><p>WoS ResearcherID: C-7476-2018</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7102053964</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Gromov </p><p>44 corp. 2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333 </p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7102053964 </p><p>eLibrary SPIN-code: 8034-7910 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gromlogin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9589-0186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горный</surname><given-names>Б. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gornyy</surname><given-names>B. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горный Борис Эммануилович  </p><p>Лялин пер., д. 11-13/1, Москва 101000 </p><p>WoS ResearcherID: J-9777-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57194728406</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris E. Gornyy </p><p>11-13/1 Lyalin Passage, Moscow 101000 </p><p>WoS ResearcherID: J-9777-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57194728406 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control”, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Превентивной и Социальной Медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Preventive and Social Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>174</fpage><lpage>184</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семёнов В.А., Громов А.Н., Горный Б.Э., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семёнов В.А., Громов А.Н., Горный Б.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenov V.A., Gromov A.N., Gornyy B.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/120">https://www.rehabilitology.com/jour/article/view/120</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ишемический инсульт (ИИ) остается ведущей причиной инвалидизации взрослого населения. Эффективная реабилитация требует стандартизированных методов оценки исходов. Отсутствие согласия относительно набора объективных показателей осложняет интерпретацию данных и разработку клинических рекомендаций.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: систематический анализ объективных методов контроля эффективности реабилитации пациентов с ИИ, оценка их валидности, воспроизводимости и практической применимости.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Систематический поиск выполнен в соответствии с рекомендациями PRISMA 2020. Поиск публикаций с января 2000 г. по декабрь 2024 г. проводился в международных (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, IEEE Xplore) и русскоязычных (eLibrary, КиберЛенинка) базах данных (последний поиск 15 декабря 2024 г.). В анализ включали исследования взрослых пациентов с ИИ, проходящих реабилитацию с использованием объективных методов оценки эффективности. Анализировали клинико-функциональные шкалы, нейровизуализационные, нейрофизиологические и биохимические биомаркеры, инструментальные биомеханические и цифровые методы. Оценку риска систематической ошибки проводили с применением инструментов RoB 2, ROBINS-I и QUADAS-2.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На основании анализа ключевых систематических обзоров, консенсусных документов и репрезентативных первичных исследований систематизированы объективные методы контроля по шести категориям. Стандартизированные клинико-функциональные шкалы (шкала Фугл–Мейера, Шкала инсульта Национальных институтов здоровья США, индекс Бартела, Шкала функциональной независимости, тест для оценки функции руки, шкала баланса Берг) представляют наиболее валидированную основу для контроля эффективности реабилитации (качество доказательств умеренное – высокое). Инструментальные биомеханические методы обеспечивают высокую чувствительность к изменениям качества движений, но характеризуются высокой вариабельностью протоколов (качество доказательств низкое – умеренное). Нейровизуализационные, нейрофизиологические и биохимические биомаркеры демонстрируют значительный прогностический потенциал, однако остаются преимущественно исследовательскими инструментами (качество доказательств низкое – умеренное). Телереабилитационные и цифровые методы оценки создают возможности для объективного мониторинга в амбулаторных условиях (качество доказательств низкое).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Оптимальный подход к контролю эффективности реабилитации у пациентов с ИИ предполагает использование стандартизированного набора клинических исходов как обязательного минимума с поэтапным добавлением инструментальных, нейрофизиологических и биомаркерных методов. Необходима дальнейшая разработка подходов к стандартизации объективных исходов в реабилитации данной когорты больных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of adult disability. Effective rehabilitation requires standardized outcome assessment. The lack of consensus on a set of objective indicators complicates data interpretation and clinical guideline development.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To systematically analyze objective methods for monitoring the effectiveness of rehabilitation in ischemic stroke patients and to assess their validity, reproducibility, and practical applicability.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A systematic search was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. International (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, IEEE Xplore) and Russian (eLibrary and CyberLeninka) databases were searched from January 2000 to December 2024 (last search: December 15, 2024). The analysis included studies of adult ischemic stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation with objective outcome assessment. Clinical-functional scales, instrumental biomechanical methods, neuroimaging and neurophysiological markers, biochemical biomarkers, and digital assessment methods were analyzed. The risk of bias was evaluated using RoB 2, ROBINS-I, and QUADAS-2 tools.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis of key systematic reviews, consensus documents, and representative primary studies yielded six cate­ gories of objective monitoring methods. Standardized clinical-functional scales (Fugl–Meyer Assessment, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Barthel Index, Functional Independence Measure, Action Research Arm Test, and Berg Balance Scale) provide the most validated basis for monitoring rehabilitation effectiveness (quality of evidence: moderate-to-high). Instrumental biomechanical methods ensure high sensitivity to changes in movement quality; however, they are characterized by high protocol variability (quality of evidence: low-to-moderate). Neuroimaging, neurophysiological, and biochemical biomarkers show significant prognostic potential but remain primarily research tools (quality of evidence: low-to-moderate). Telerehabilitation and digital assessment methods enable objective monitoring in outpatient settings (quality of evidence: low).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The optimal approach to monitoring rehabilitation effectiveness in ischemic stroke patients involves using a standardized set of clinical outcomes as a mandatory minimum, with gradual addition of instrumental, neurophysiological, and biomarker methods. Further development of approaches to standardizing objective rehabilitation outcomes in such patients is needed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>объективные методы оценки</kwd><kwd>клинические шкалы</kwd><kwd>биомеханические методы</kwd><kwd>нейрофизиологические маркеры</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>outcome assessment</kwd><kwd>clinical scales</kwd><kwd>biomechanical methods</kwd><kwd>neurophysiological markers</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федин А.И., Бадалян К.Р. Обзор клинических рекомендаций лечения и профилактики ишемического инсульта. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. 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